TKI

Mappa Farmaci TKI RCC

Mappa dei farmaci inibitori tirosin chinasi (TKI) e inibitori mTor con i relativi bersagli cellulari

Funzionamento e Resistenza dei farmaci TKI

Fig. 1. Molecular pathways in TKI-resistant RCC. Abbreviations: Ang-2 — angiopoietin 2; BMDCs — bone marrow derived cells; EGF(R) — epidermal growth factor (receptor); EMT — epithelial mesenchymal transition; Erk 1/2 — extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2; FAK — focal adhesion kinase-1; FGF(R) — fi broblast growth factor (receptor); HGF — hepatocyte growth factor; HIF-1 α / β — hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α / β ; IL-8 — interleukin 8; MAPK — mitogen-activated protein kinase; MITF — microphthalmia- associated transcription factor; NOS — nitrous oxide systems; PDGF(R) — platelet derived growth factor (receptor); PI3K — phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PLC- γ — phospholipase C γ ; PlGF — placental growth factor; RSK — ribosomal S6 kinase; SDF-1 — stromal derived factor 1; Smad 2/3 — small mothers against decapentaplegic kinase 2/3; TGF- β — tumor growth factor- β ; TKIs — tyrosine kinase inhibitors; Ub — ubiquitin; VEGF(R) — vascular endothelial growth factor (receptor); VHL — von-Hippel Lindau factor.